Terminology

In my blog, I have used a range of technical terms that I have picked up over the course of this module. Here is a quick glossary/re-cap:

Copy Editing

Hyphen: a dash used to join words (book-end)
En dash: this dash shows a time pass (3rd – 4th July)
Em dash: used when there is a sudden pause, possibly to add suspense (and then there were none — ).
Infant letters: a font and typeface that is child-friendly. Usually found in picture books.

Typesetting


Leading: the space between lines of text.
Ligature: the joining of two letters together in font design
Kerning: the letter spacing horizontally, this can be used for making sure the text fits nicely on the page or altering the font to make it more spaced-out or close-together.
Tracking: also known as letter spacing, the average distance between characters.
Baseline: the grid on which the lettering sits
Superscript: small letter or number to the top of the letter. Used in dates.
Subscript: small letter or number at the bottom of the last letter. Used in chemical equations
Widow: one word alone at the bottom of a page, this reduces readability and should be avoided.
Orphan:  similarly, a single word at the top of a page should also be avoided.
Bleed: the extra mm used for trimming.
Slug: an extra area above bleed where crop marks are placed
Folio: page number

Colouration

RGB: Red, Green Blue (used on digital images)
CMYK: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black  (used for print publications).
Pantone: a one-off mixed ink that can often not be created by CMYK printing. This includes neon and niche colours
Printer’s marks: marks included on documents sent to print including colour bars to check correct printing, fold and crop marks, and registration marks

Image Rights

Rights Managed: buying exclusive rights to an image for an agreed time period
Royalty Free: anyone can download and use for free
Micro Stock: amateur photos, creative commons on websites like Flickr, Wikimedia.

Image Sizing
72 dpi: (dots per inch) is usually fine for files that will only be viewed through a digital medium and not printed.
300 dpi: a print quality design setting.

Cover Design

Gutter: the mid-section of the cover, where the spine sits after printing.
Turnaround: An allowance that allows extra space on a cover jacket for the flap to fold over easily.
Board Allocation: on a hardback book, the card is sometimes 3mm thick. Designers allow for this during the design process, so the cover fits over the whole book.
Proofs: printed documents sent to publishers by printers for colour checking, object placement and typesetting
Recto: page on the right hand side of a book when open

Cover Finishes


Matte finish: a smooth finish with no shine or gloss.
Matte-Laminate: used to print foil under or over something on a cover.
Super matte: more expensive than matte lam and looks velevety, but it is less durable
Emboss: when the lettering/imagery on the cover jacket is slightly raised
De-boss: the opposite of emboss, where the type/image is pressed into the cover
Foil: a shiny cover finish that has a metallic shine to it.
Holofoil: a more expensive foil that reflects lots of colours
Spot UV: a finish used to highlight certain areas of a cover with a shine that isn't metallic
Gloss- a shiny  - but not metallic -finish on a book cover.
­­­­Wibalin: material used as a cheaper alternative to clothbinding and can be printed on to

Book Sizing

A – Format: Old mass market paperback back size. Now usually for export.
B – Format: Current standard size of paperback used for mass markets in the UK.
Deckle cut: rough cut pages